Minggu, 05 Desember 2021

Is Vitamin D Good For The Prostate

Is Vitamin D Good For The Prostate

Answer

The major and most important source of vitamin D is sunlight, but this vitamin is also contained in dairy products, eggs, vitamin D–fortified cereals, and fatty fish such as salmon and tuna. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D assays are readily available, and many men test as vitamin-D deficient. As discussed above, however, that assay can be influenced by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors (eg, smoking, obesity, inflammation). Consequently, this test should not be widely advocated until further validation with so-called hard clinical endpoints has been accomplished.

Guidelines on vitamin D from the Institute of Medicine (IOM), published in 2011, set the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin D at only 600 IU (800 IU in those age 71 and older), because of the concern for toxicity (eg, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, nephrolithiasis) and the lack of impressive data to advocate for higher amounts. [69, 70] Admittedly, the IOM recommendations have not been without controversy. [71]

Vitamin D appears to have some of the same historical embellishment issues that occurred before randomized trials of other dietary supplements for prostate cancer, when some clinicians and patients believed that "the more the better". In fact, results of studies of vitamin D for prostate cancer prevention have not been consistently impressive, and several studies have found no impact or potential harm at higher blood levels. [72, 73, 74]

Vitamin D is important for bone health, but recommendations for higher intakes to support prostate health have not been supported by strong clinical trial evidence. Vitamin D tends to mimic the function of a hormone, which is why caution should be followed because the potential for a U-shaped risk curve (similar to that seen with other hormones, and even alcohol) does exist for men's health.

It may be tempting to endorse the general findings of an increased risk of prostate cancer mortality with lower vitamin D blood status, but again the issues with the assay and the history of prostate cancer supplements being discredited argue for a "first do no harm" approach until larger trials are published that give further insight. Clinical trials such as  the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) [75] should be published soon and they will provide further insight into the benefits and limitations of vitamin D supplementation to prevent cancer.


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    Author

    Mark A Moyad, MD, MPH Research Associate, Phil F Director of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center

    Disclosure: Received honoraria from Abbott Labs for speaking and teaching; Received consulting fee from Farr Labs for consulting; Received consulting fee from Guthy Renker for consulting; Received royalty from Guthy Renker for other.

    Coauthor(s)

    Stanley A Brosman, MD Clinical Professor, Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine

    Stanley A Brosman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Association for Cancer Research, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Urological Association, Society for Basic Urologic Research, Society of Surgical Oncology, Society of Urologic Oncology, Western Section of the American Urological Association, Association of Clinical Research Professionals, American Society of Clinical Oncology, International Society of Urology, International Society of Urological Pathology

    Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

    Chief Editor

    Edward David Kim, MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, University of Tennessee Medical Center

    Edward David Kim, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons, American Society for Reproductive Medicine, American Society of Andrology, American Urological Association, Sexual Medicine Society of North America, Tennessee Medical Association

    Disclosure: Serve(d) as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Endo, Avadel.

    Acknowledgements

    Gamal Mostafa Ghoniem, MD, FACS Professor of Urology, Chief, Division of Female Urology, Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery, and Voiding Dysfunction, Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine

    Gamal Mostafa Ghoniem, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons, American Urogynecologic Society, American Urological Association, International Continence Society, International Urogynaecology Association, and Society of Urodynamics and Female Urology

    Disclosure: Astellas Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Coloplasty Consulting fee Board membership; Uroplasty Consulting fee Consulting

    Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

    Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

    Is Vitamin D Good For The Prostate

    Source: https://www.medscape.com/answers/453191-187010/what-is-the-role-of-vitamin-d-in-prostate-cancer-risk-reduction

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